In vitro antibacterial activity of some antibiotics against Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum: Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman Pathogen
Keywords:
Antibiotics, Ensete ventricosum, Enset bacterial wilt, Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum.Abstract
Enset bacterial wilt caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm) is a destructive disease of Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) in south and southwestern Ethiopia. There is no known Bactericide against Xcm and the disease is systemic in nature, making the management very difficult. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of amoxicillin, cephalexin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin sulphate and tetracycline in vitro against Xmc. The pathogen was isolated from infected Enset pseudostem and its identity was confirmed by pathogenicity test. The antibacterial activity of antibiotics was evaluated using disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using agar dilution method. Sub-culturing the contents of MIC onto growth medium was used to know the Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). All antibiotics showed antibacterial activity against Xcm, but with varied potency. Significant differences were recorded between test concentrations and antibiotics. Streptomycin sulphate was found to be the most effective antibiotic in inhibiting the growth of Xcm followed by amoxicillin and tetracycline. Moreover, the MIC and MBC values of antibiotics indicate the potential to use in Enset bacterial wilt control. Accordingly, tetracycline showed the lowest MIC (0.02 mg/mL) and MBC (0.049 mg/mL) values against Xcm as compared to others. Thus, it could be used in the management of Enset bacterial wilt. However, further studies need to be conducted on the effectiveness and method of application of tetracycline under field condition.
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